Lamentations of Jeremiah: Difference between revisions
m (Text replacement - " " to " ") |
(→Text and translations: Vulgate Douay-Rheims translation added) |
||
(32 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown) | |||
Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
*Fabrizio Dentice SATTB [[Feria 5. In cœna Domini (Fabrizio Dentice)|Feria. 5 (with Responsories, ''Miserere'' & ''Benedictus)'']]; [[Feria 6. in Parasceve (Fabrizio Dentice)|Feria 6.]]; [[Sabbato Sancto. Pro tertia die (Fabrizio Dentice)|Sabbato Sancto]] | *Fabrizio Dentice SATTB [[Feria 5. In cœna Domini (Fabrizio Dentice)|Feria. 5 (with Responsories, ''Miserere'' & ''Benedictus)'']]; [[Feria 6. in Parasceve (Fabrizio Dentice)|Feria 6.]]; [[Sabbato Sancto. Pro tertia die (Fabrizio Dentice)|Sabbato Sancto]] | ||
*Elzear Genet: [[Liber Lamentationum Hieremiae prophetae Carpentras (Elzear Genet)|Liber Lamentationum Hieremiae prophetae Carpentras]] ATTB | *Elzear Genet: [[Liber Lamentationum Hieremiae prophetae Carpentras (Elzear Genet)|Liber Lamentationum Hieremiae prophetae Carpentras]] ATTB | ||
**[[Lamentations for Maundy Thursday, Lesson One (Elzear Genet)|Maundy Thursday, Lesson One]] | **[[Lamentations for Maundy Thursday, Lesson One (Elzear Genet)|Maundy Thursday, Lesson One]], [[Lamentations for Maundy Thursday, Lesson Two (Elzear Genet)|2]], [[Lamentations for Maundy Thursday, Lesson Three (Elzear Genet)|3]] | ||
*Orlando di Lasso | *Orlando di Lasso | ||
**[[Lamentationes Hieremiae Prophetae (quatuor vocum) (Orlando di Lasso)|a 4]] SATB | **[[Lamentationes Hieremiae Prophetae (quatuor vocum) (Orlando di Lasso)|a 4]] SATB | ||
**[[Lamentationes Hieremiae Prophetae (quinque vocum) (Orlando di Lasso)|a 5]] SATTB | **[[Lamentationes Hieremiae Prophetae (quinque vocum) (Orlando di Lasso)|a 5]] SATTB | ||
*Tiburtio Massaino SATTB [[Feria V in coena Domini (Tiburtio Massaino)|Feria V]]; [[Feria VI in Parasceve (Tiburtio Massaino)|Feria VI]]; [[In Sabbato Sancto (Tiburtio Massaino)|Sabbato Sancto]] (all 3 with ''Miserere & Benedictus'') | *Tiburtio Massaino SATTB [[Feria V in coena Domini (Tiburtio Massaino)|Feria V]]; [[Feria VI in Parasceve (Tiburtio Massaino)|Feria VI]]; [[In Sabbato Sancto (Tiburtio Massaino)|Sabbato Sancto]] (all 3 with ''Miserere & Benedictus'') | ||
*[[Antonio Mogavero]] (SSATTB; the 3 lost partbooks have been reconstructed) | |||
*Cristóbal de [[Lamentationi a quatro, a cinque et a sei voci (Cristóbal de Morales)|Morales (and circle, possibly)]]: [[Lamentations for Maundy Thursday, Lesson 1 (Cristóbal de Morales)|Maundy Thursday I]] [[Lamentations for Maundy Thursday, Lesson 2 (Cristóbal de Morales)|II]] [[Lamentations for Maundy Thursday, Lesson 3 (Cristóbal de Morales)|III]] (ATTB) [[Lamentations for Good Friday, Lesson 1 (Cristóbal de Morales)|Good Friday I]] [[Lamentations for Good Friday, Lesson 2 (Cristóbal de Morales)|II]] [[Lamentations for Good Friday, Lesson 3 (Cristóbal de Morales)|III]] (ATTB) [[Lamentations for Holy Saturday, Lesson 1 (Cristóbal de Morales)|Saturday I]] [[Lamentations for Holy Saturday, Lesson 2 (Cristóbal de Morales)|II]] [[Lamentations for Holy Saturday, Lesson 3 (Cristóbal de Morales)|III]] (ATTBB,SATTB.SATTBB) | |||
*Giovanni Maria Nanino: [[Lamentations for Maundy Thursday (Giovanni Maria Nanino)|Maundy Thursday (Lessons shortened to 2 verses)]] ATTB | |||
*Giovan Nasco TTTB [[Lamentationes Jeremiae Feria V (Giovan Nasco)|Feria V]]; [[Lamentationes Jeremiae Feria VI (Giovan Nasco)|Feria VI]]; [[Lamentationes Jeremiae Feria VII (Giovan Nasco)|Feria VII]] | *Giovan Nasco TTTB [[Lamentationes Jeremiae Feria V (Giovan Nasco)|Feria V]]; [[Lamentationes Jeremiae Feria VI (Giovan Nasco)|Feria VI]]; [[Lamentationes Jeremiae Feria VII (Giovan Nasco)|Feria VII]] | ||
*Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (gathered into 4 'books' in Haberl's ''Opera omnia'' XXV) | *Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (gathered into 4 'books' in Haberl's ''Opera omnia'' XXV) | ||
Line 26: | Line 29: | ||
**[[Lamentationes Jeremiae prophetae - Liber 3 (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|Liber 3 (Cappella Giulia mss.)]] 5,6 vv | **[[Lamentationes Jeremiae prophetae - Liber 3 (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|Liber 3 (Cappella Giulia mss.)]] 5,6 vv | ||
**[[Lamentationes Jeremiae prophetae - Liber 4 (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|Liber 4 (Vat. Ottoboni 3387)]] a 5 & 6 | **[[Lamentationes Jeremiae prophetae - Liber 4 (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)|Liber 4 (Vat. Ottoboni 3387)]] a 5 & 6 | ||
*[[Lamentations of Jeremiah (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|Tomás Luis de Victoria]] 5, 6 & 8 vv | *[[Lamentationes Jeremiae Prophetae (Jeffrey Quick)|Jeffrey Quick]] SATB, Feria V | ||
*[[Lamentations of Jeremiah (Tomás Luis de Victoria)|Tomás Luis de Victoria]] 5, 6 & 8 vv | |||
===Partial settings=== | ===Partial settings=== | ||
Line 45: | Line 47: | ||
== Text and translations == | == Text and translations == | ||
Musical settings can vary greatly, both in abbreviating the text and in dividing the verses between Lessons (sometimes this is described on the composer page and/or on the work page). Especially in the pre-Tridentine praxises, texts could differ from diocese to diocese. The Sarum rite, as the post-Tridentine breviary has only three readings from the laments for each of the days, nine Lessons in all. The Bavarian rite of Frisingen has six readings from the laments for each of the three days, 18 readings in al. | |||
Traditionally the beginning of a chapter prefaced with the words ''Incipit lamentatio Ieremiae prophetae'' and continuations announced with ''De lamentatione Ieremiae prophetae''. Each Lesson end with the words ''Ierusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum'' ("Jerusalem, return to the Lord thy God"). | |||
The order of the text as given below follows the ''[[Liber usualis]]'' (Verses from the [http://www.newadvent.org/bible/lam001.htm Clementine Vulgate] and the [http://www.bibliacatolica.com.br/08/31/1.php Revised Standard Version]). The latter is not a translation of the Latin Vulgate, but from the Hebrew original. An English translation of the Vulgate can be found in the so called [https://vulgate.org/ot/lamentations_1.htm Douay-Rheims Bible]. | |||
==1st Nocturn, Maundy Thursday== | ==1st Nocturn, Maundy Thursday== | ||
===Lectio I=== | ===Lectio I=== | ||
Line 67: | Line 72: | ||
quia Dominus locutus est super eam propter multitudinem iniquitatum ejus. | quia Dominus locutus est super eam propter multitudinem iniquitatum ejus. | ||
Parvuli ejus ducti sunt in captivitatem ante faciem tribulantis. | Parvuli ejus ducti sunt in captivitatem ante faciem tribulantis. | ||
''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum.'' | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum.''}} | ||
}} | |||
{{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | {{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | ||
Here beginneth the Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah. | Here beginneth the Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah. | ||
Line 84: | Line 88: | ||
because the {{Lord}} has made her suffer for the multitude of her transgressions; | because the {{Lord}} has made her suffer for the multitude of her transgressions; | ||
her children have gone away, captives before the foe. | her children have gone away, captives before the foe. | ||
Jerusalem, return to the Lord thy God. | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, return to the Lord thy God.''}} | ||
}} | |||
{{btm}} | {{btm}} | ||
:(Responsorium I ''[[In monte Oliveti]])'' | |||
===Lectio II=== | ===Lectio II=== | ||
{{top}}{{Text|Latin| | {{top}}{{Text|Latin| | ||
Line 102: | Line 107: | ||
Deposita est vehementer: non habens consolatorem. | Deposita est vehementer: non habens consolatorem. | ||
Vide Domine afflictionem meam: quoniam erectus est inimicus. | Vide Domine afflictionem meam: quoniam erectus est inimicus. | ||
''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum.'' | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum.''}} | ||
}} | |||
{{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | {{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | ||
{{Vs|1:6}} VAU. From the daughter of Zion has departed all her majesty. | {{Vs|1:6}} VAU. From the daughter of Zion has departed all her majesty. | ||
Line 118: | Line 122: | ||
therefore her fall is terrible, she has no comforter. | therefore her fall is terrible, she has no comforter. | ||
"O {{Lord}}, behold my affliction, for the enemy has triumphed!" | "O {{Lord}}, behold my affliction, for the enemy has triumphed!" | ||
''Jerusalem, return to the Lord thy God.''}} | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, return to the Lord thy God.''}} | ||
{{btm}} | {{btm}} | ||
:(Responsorium II ''[[Tristis est anima mea]])'' | |||
===Lectio III=== | ===Lectio III=== | ||
{{top}}{{text|Latin| | {{top}}{{text|Latin| | ||
Line 135: | Line 139: | ||
{{Vs|1:11}} CAPH. All her people groan as they search for bread; they trade their treasures for food to revive their strength. "Look, O {{Lord}}, and behold, for I am despised." | {{Vs|1:11}} CAPH. All her people groan as they search for bread; they trade their treasures for food to revive their strength. "Look, O {{Lord}}, and behold, for I am despised." | ||
{{Vs|1:12}} LAMED. "Is it nothing to you, all you who pass by? Look and see if there is any sorrow like my sorrow which was brought upon me, which the {{Lord}} inflicted on the day of his fierce anger." | {{Vs|1:12}} LAMED. "Is it nothing to you, all you who pass by? Look and see if there is any sorrow like my sorrow which was brought upon me, which the {{Lord}} inflicted on the day of his fierce anger." | ||
{{Vs|1:13}} MEM. "From on high he sent fire; into my bones he made it descend; he spread a net for my feet; he turned me back; | {{Vs|1:13}} MEM. "From on high he sent fire; into my bones he made it descend; he spread a net for my feet; he turned me back; he has left me stunned, faint all the day long.}} | ||
he has left me stunned, faint all the day long. | {{Vs|1:14}} NUN. “My transgressions were bound into a yoke; by his hand they were fastened together; they were set upon my neck; he caused my strength to fail; the Lord gave me into the hands of those whom I cannot withstand." | ||
''Jerusalem, return to the Lord thy God.'' | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, return to the Lord thy God.'' | ||
{{btm}} | {{btm}} | ||
:(Responsorium III ''[[Ecce vidimus eum]])'' | |||
==1st Nocturn, Good Friday== | ==1st Nocturn, Good Friday== | ||
Line 160: | Line 165: | ||
{{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | {{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | ||
''The Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah.'' | ''The Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah.'' | ||
{{Vs|2:8}} HETH. The {{Lord}} determined to lay in ruins the wall of the daughter of Zion; | {{Vs|2:8}} HETH. The {{Lord}} determined to lay in ruins the wall of the daughter of Zion; he marked it off by the line; he restrained not his hand from destroying; he caused rampart and wall to lament, they languish together. | ||
he marked it off by the line; he restrained not his hand from destroying; | {{Vs|2:9}} TETH. Her gates have sunk into the ground; he has ruined and broken her bars; her king and princes are among the nations; the law is no more, and her prophets obtain no vision from the {{Lord}}. | ||
he caused rampart and wall to lament, they languish together. | |||
{{Vs|2:9}} TETH. Her gates have sunk into the ground; | |||
he has ruined and broken her bars; her king and princes are among the nations; | |||
the law is no more, and her prophets obtain no vision from the {{Lord}}. | |||
{{Vs|2:10}} IOD. The elders of the daughter of Zion sit on the ground in silence; | {{Vs|2:10}} IOD. The elders of the daughter of Zion sit on the ground in silence; | ||
they have cast dust on their heads and put on sackcloth; | they have cast dust on their heads and put on sackcloth; | ||
the maidens of Jerusalem have bowed their heads to the ground. | the maidens of Jerusalem have bowed their heads to the ground. | ||
{{Vs|2:11}} CAPH. My eyes are spent with weeping; my soul is in tumult; | {{Vs|2:11}} CAPH. My eyes are spent with weeping; my soul is in tumult; | ||
my heart is poured out in grief because of the destruction of the daughter of my people, | my heart is poured out in grief because of the destruction of the daughter of my people, because infants and babes faint in the streets of the city. | ||
because infants and babes faint in the streets of the city. | ''Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.''}} | ||
''Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.'' | |||
}} | |||
{{btm}} | {{btm}} | ||
:(Responsorium ''[[Omnes amici mei]])'' | |||
===Lectio II=== | ===Lectio II=== | ||
Line 188: | Line 188: | ||
viderunt autem tibi assumptiones falsas, et ejectiones. | viderunt autem tibi assumptiones falsas, et ejectiones. | ||
{{Vs|2:15}} SAMECH. Plauserunt super te manibus omnes transeuntes per viam; | {{Vs|2:15}} SAMECH. Plauserunt super te manibus omnes transeuntes per viam; | ||
sibilaverunt et moverunt caput suum super filiam Jerusalem: Haeccine est urbs, | sibilaverunt et moverunt caput suum super filiam Jerusalem: Haeccine est urbs, dicentes, perfecti decoris, gaudium universae terrae? | ||
dicentes, perfecti decoris, gaudium universae terrae? | |||
''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum.'' | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum.'' | ||
}} | }} | ||
Line 197: | Line 196: | ||
as they faint like wounded men in the streets of the city, | as they faint like wounded men in the streets of the city, | ||
as their life is poured out on their mothers' bosom. | as their life is poured out on their mothers' bosom. | ||
{{Vs|2:13}} MEM. What can I say for you, to what compare you, O daughter of Jerusalem? | {{Vs|2:13}} MEM. What can I say for you, to what compare you, O daughter of Jerusalem? What can I liken to you, that I may comfort you, O virgin daughter of Zion? For vast as the sea is your ruin; who can restore you? | ||
What can I liken to you, that I may comfort you, O virgin daughter of Zion? | |||
For vast as the sea is your ruin; who can restore you? | |||
{{Vs|2:14}} NUN. Your prophets have seen for you false and deceptive visions; | {{Vs|2:14}} NUN. Your prophets have seen for you false and deceptive visions; | ||
they have not exposed your iniquity to restore your fortunes, | they have not exposed your iniquity to restore your fortunes, | ||
but have seen for you oracles false and misleading. | but have seen for you oracles false and misleading. | ||
{{Vs|2:15}} SAMECH. | {{Vs|2:15}} SAMECH. All who pass along the way clap their hands at you; | ||
they hiss and wag their heads at the daughter of Jerusalem; | |||
''Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.'' | “Is this the city which was called the perfection of beauty, the joy of all the earth?” | ||
}} | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.''}} | ||
{{btm}} | {{btm}} | ||
:(Responsorium ''[[Velum templi]])'' | |||
===Lectio III=== | ===Lectio III=== | ||
Line 229: | Line 227: | ||
{{Vs|3:3}} ALEPH. surely against me he turns his hand again and again the whole day long. | {{Vs|3:3}} ALEPH. surely against me he turns his hand again and again the whole day long. | ||
{{Vs|3:4}} BETH. He has made my flesh and my skin waste away, and broken my bones; | {{Vs|3:4}} BETH. He has made my flesh and my skin waste away, and broken my bones; | ||
{{Vs|3:5}} BETH. | {{Vs|3:5}} BETH. He has besieged and enveloped me with bitterness and tribulation; | ||
{{Vs|3:6}} BETH. | {{Vs|3:6}} BETH. He has made me dwell in darkness like the dead of long ago. | ||
{{Vs|3:7}} GHIMEL. | {{Vs|3:7}} GHIMEL. He has walled me about so that I cannot escape; he has put heavy chains on me; | ||
{{Vs|3:8}} GHIMEL. | {{Vs|3:8}} GHIMEL. Though I call and cry for help, he shuts out my prayer; | ||
{{Vs|3:9}} GHIMEL. | {{Vs|3:9}} GHIMEL. He has blocked my ways with hewn stones, he has made my paths crooked. | ||
''Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.'' | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.''}} | ||
}} | |||
{{btm}} | {{btm}} | ||
:(Responsory ''[[Vinea mea electa]])'' | |||
==1st Nocturn, Holy Saturday== | ==1st Nocturn, Holy Saturday== | ||
Line 252: | Line 250: | ||
{{Vs|3:29}} JOD. Ponet in pulvere os suum, si forte sit spes. | {{Vs|3:29}} JOD. Ponet in pulvere os suum, si forte sit spes. | ||
{{Vs|3:30}} JOD. Dabit percutienti se maxillam: saturabitur opprobriis. | {{Vs|3:30}} JOD. Dabit percutienti se maxillam: saturabitur opprobriis. | ||
''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum.'' | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum.''}} | ||
}} | |||
{{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | {{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | ||
''The Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah.'' | ''The Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah.'' | ||
Line 263: | Line 260: | ||
{{Vs|3:26}} TETH. It is good that one should wait quietly for the salvation of the {{Lord}}. | {{Vs|3:26}} TETH. It is good that one should wait quietly for the salvation of the {{Lord}}. | ||
{{Vs|3:27}} TETH. It is good for a man that he bear the yoke in his youth. | {{Vs|3:27}} TETH. It is good for a man that he bear the yoke in his youth. | ||
{{Vs|3:28}} JOD. | {{Vs|3:28}} JOD. Let him sit alone in silence when he has laid it on him; | ||
{{Vs|3:29}} JOD. | {{Vs|3:29}} JOD. Let him put his mouth in the dust— there may yet be hope; | ||
{{Vs|3:30}} JOD. | {{Vs|3:30}} JOD. Let him give his cheek to the smiter, and be filled with insults. | ||
''Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.'' | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.''}} | ||
}} | |||
{{btm}} | {{btm}} | ||
:(Responsorium ''[[Sicut ovis ad occisionem]])'' | |||
===Lectio II=== | ===Lectio II=== | ||
{{top}}{{Text|Latin| | {{top}}{{Text|Latin| | ||
Line 294: | Line 290: | ||
{{Vs|4:3}} GHIMEL. Even the jackals give the breast and suckle their young, | {{Vs|4:3}} GHIMEL. Even the jackals give the breast and suckle their young, | ||
but the daughter of my people has become cruel, like the ostriches in the wilderness. | but the daughter of my people has become cruel, like the ostriches in the wilderness. | ||
{{Vs|4:4}} DALETH. | {{Vs|4:4}} DALETH. The tongue of the nursling cleaves to the roof of its mouth for thirst; the children beg for food, but no one gives to them. | ||
{{Vs|4:5}} HE. | {{Vs|4:5}} HE. Those who feasted on dainties perish in the streets; those who were brought up in purple lie on ash heaps. | ||
{{Vs|4:6}} VAU. | {{Vs|4:6}} VAU. For the chastisement of the daughter of my people has been greater than the punishment of Sodom, | ||
''Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.'' | which was overthrown in a moment, no hand being laid on it. | ||
}} | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.''}} | ||
{{btm}} | {{btm}} | ||
:(Responsorium ''[[Jerusalem surge et exue]])'' | |||
===Lectio III=== | ===Lectio III=== | ||
Line 319: | Line 316: | ||
{{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | {{mdl}}{{Translation|English| | ||
Here beginneth the Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah. | |||
{{Vs|5:1}} Remember, O {{Lord}}, what has befallen us; behold, and see our disgrace! | {{Vs|5:1}} Remember, O {{Lord}}, what has befallen us; behold, and see our disgrace! | ||
{{Vs|5:2}} Our inheritance has been turned over to strangers, our homes to aliens. | {{Vs|5:2}} Our inheritance has been turned over to strangers, our homes to aliens. | ||
Line 324: | Line 322: | ||
{{Vs|5:4}} We must pay for the water we drink, the wood we get must be bought. | {{Vs|5:4}} We must pay for the water we drink, the wood we get must be bought. | ||
{{Vs|5:5}} With a yoke on our necks we are hard driven; we are weary, we are given no rest. | {{Vs|5:5}} With a yoke on our necks we are hard driven; we are weary, we are given no rest. | ||
{{Vs|5:6}} | {{Vs|5:6}} We have given the hand to Egypt, and to Assyria, to get bread enough. | ||
{{Vs|5:7}} | {{Vs|5:7}} Our fathers sinned, and are no more; and we bear their iniquities. | ||
{{Vs|5:8}} | {{Vs|5:8}} Slaves rule over us; there is none to deliver us from their hand. | ||
{{Vs|5:9}} | {{Vs|5:9}} We get our bread at the peril of our lives, because of the sword in the wilderness. | ||
{{Vs|5:10}} | {{Vs|5:10}} Our skin is hot as an oven with the burning heat of famine. | ||
{{Vs|5: | {{Vs|5:11}} Women are ravished in Zion, virgins in the towns of Judah. | ||
''Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.'' | ''Jerusalem, Jerusalem, return to the Lord your God.''}} | ||
}} | |||
{{btm}} | {{btm}} | ||
:(Responsorium ''[[Plange quasi virgo]])'' | |||
==Excerpt translated into Korean== | ==Excerpt translated into Korean== |
Latest revision as of 17:12, 27 February 2024
Lamentationes Ieremiae (English Lamentations of Jeremiah)
In the Greek and Latin Bibles there are five songs of lament bearing the name of Jeremiah, which follow the Book of the Prophecy of Jeremias. In the Hebrew these are entitled Kinôth. from their elegiac character, or the 'Ekhah songs after the first word of the first, second, and fourth elegies; in Greek they are called Threnoi, in Latin they are known as Lamentationes. The superscription to Lamentations in the Septuagint and other versions throws light on the historical occasion of their production and on the author: "And it came to pass, after Israel was carried into captivity, and Jerusalem was desolate, that Jeremiah the prophet sat weeping, and mourned with this lamentation over Jerusalem, and with a sorrowful mind, sighing and moaning, he said:".
To a man like Jeremiah, the day on which Jerusalem became a heap of ruins was not only a day of national misfortune, for, in a religious sense, Jerusalem had a peculiar importance in the history of salvation, as the footstool of Jahweh and as the scene of the revelation of God and of the Messias. Consequently, the grief of Jeremiah was personal, not merely a sympathetic emotion over the sorrow of others, for he had sought to prevent the disaster by his labours as a prophet in the streets of the city. All the fibres of his heart were bound up with Jerusalem; he was now himself crushed and desolate.
In all five elegies the construction of the verses follows an alphabetical arrangement. The first, second, fourth, and fifth laments are each composed of twenty-two verses, to correspond with the number of letters in the Hebrew alphabet; the third lament is made up of three times twenty-two verses. In the first, second, and fourth elegies each verse begins with a letter of the Hebrew alphabet, the letters following in order, as the first verse begins with ALEPH, the second with BETH etc.
The Lamentations have received a peculiar distinction in the Liturgy of the Church in the Office of Passion Week. If Christ Himself designated His death as the destruction of a temple, "he spoke of the temple of his body" (John 2:19-21), then the Church surely has a right to pour out her grief over His death in those Lamentations which were sung over the ruins of the temple destroyed by the sins of the nation.
Settings by composers
Complete settings
- Fabrizio Dentice SATTB Feria. 5 (with Responsories, Miserere & Benedictus); Feria 6.; Sabbato Sancto
- Elzear Genet: Liber Lamentationum Hieremiae prophetae Carpentras ATTB
- Orlando di Lasso
- Tiburtio Massaino SATTB Feria V; Feria VI; Sabbato Sancto (all 3 with Miserere & Benedictus)
- Antonio Mogavero (SSATTB; the 3 lost partbooks have been reconstructed)
- Cristóbal de Morales (and circle, possibly): Maundy Thursday I II III (ATTB) Good Friday I II III (ATTB) Saturday I II III (ATTBB,SATTB.SATTBB)
- Giovanni Maria Nanino: Maundy Thursday (Lessons shortened to 2 verses) ATTB
- Giovan Nasco TTTB Feria V; Feria VI; Feria VII
- Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (gathered into 4 'books' in Haberl's Opera omnia XXV)
- Liber Primus (Scotto 1589) a 4 (5)
- a 4 & 5
- Liber 3 (Cappella Giulia mss.) 5,6 vv
- Liber 4 (Vat. Ottoboni 3387) a 5 & 6
- Jeffrey Quick SATB, Feria V
- Tomás Luis de Victoria 5, 6 & 8 vv
Partial settings
- Alexander Agricola
- 4 vv. (Thursday: Aleph. Quomodo, Beth. Praecipitavit) ATBB
- Antoine Brumel (parts of Friday Lesson 1: Heth. Cogitavit Dominus; Kaf. Defecerunt praelacrimis) ATTB
- François Couperin Thursday: 2 Lessons for S & bc, 3rd for SS & bc.
- Antoine de Févin (Thursday Lessons: Aleph. Quomodo sedet, Beth. Plorans ploravit, Gimel. Migravit Judas, Heth. Facti sunt, Zain. Recordata est & Lamed. O vos omnes [abridged]) ATTB
- Dominique Phinot Saturday Lesson 3 (as far as "…de manu eorum.", with "Jerusalem") SSAATTBB
- Thomas Tallis (Thursday Lesson 1) ATTBB
Other settings possibly not included in the manual list above
- Gregorio Allegri — Incipit lamentatio
- Thomas Crecquillon — Lamentationes Jeremiae
- Elzear Genet — Recordare Domine
- Pietro Amico Giacobetti — Lamentatio Jeremias Feria V
- Gerónimo Gonzales — Lamentación de Jeremías
- Charles Gounod — Gallia
- Marco Antonio Ingegneri — Facti sunt
- Tanmoy Laskar — Lamentations of Jeremiah I
- Juan de Lienas — Lamentatio
- Emerico Lobo de Mesquita — Lamentations of Jeremiah
- Antonio Teodoro Ortells — Lesson I in Feria V a 12
- Marbrianus de Orto — Lamentations
- Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina — Recordare Domine
- Osbert Parsley — Lamentations
- José de Torres — Aleph. Ego vir videns
- Francisco Valls — De lamentatione Jeremiae
- Willem Verkaik — Klaagliederen lectio prima
- Willem Verkaik — Klaagliederen lectio tertia
- Robert White — Lamentations a 5
- Robert White — Lamentations a 6
External links
- Article on the Lamentations , with examples of distribution of verses among the tenebrae services.
Text and translations
Musical settings can vary greatly, both in abbreviating the text and in dividing the verses between Lessons (sometimes this is described on the composer page and/or on the work page). Especially in the pre-Tridentine praxises, texts could differ from diocese to diocese. The Sarum rite, as the post-Tridentine breviary has only three readings from the laments for each of the days, nine Lessons in all. The Bavarian rite of Frisingen has six readings from the laments for each of the three days, 18 readings in al.
Traditionally the beginning of a chapter prefaced with the words Incipit lamentatio Ieremiae prophetae and continuations announced with De lamentatione Ieremiae prophetae. Each Lesson end with the words Ierusalem, convertere ad Dominum Deum tuum ("Jerusalem, return to the Lord thy God").
The order of the text as given below follows the Liber usualis (Verses from the Clementine Vulgate and the Revised Standard Version). The latter is not a translation of the Latin Vulgate, but from the Hebrew original. An English translation of the Vulgate can be found in the so called Douay-Rheims Bible.
1st Nocturn, Maundy Thursday
Lectio I
Latin text Incipit Lamentatio Jeremiae prophetae. |
English translation Here beginneth the Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah. |
- (Responsorium I In monte Oliveti)
Lectio II
Latin text 1:6 VAU. Et egressus est a filia Sion omnis decor ejus; |
English translation 1:6 VAU. From the daughter of Zion has departed all her majesty. |
- (Responsorium II Tristis est anima mea)
Lectio III
Latin text 1:10 JOD. Manum suam misit hostis ad omnia desiderabilia ejus, quia vidit gentes ingressas sanctuarium suum, de quibus præceperas ne intrarent in ecclesiam tuam. |
English translation 1:10 IOD. The enemy has stretched out his hands over all her precious things; yea, she has seen the nations invade her sanctuary, those whom thou didst forbid to enter thy congregation. 1:14 NUN. “My transgressions were bound into a yoke; by his hand they were fastened together; they were set upon my neck; he caused my strength to fail; the Lord gave me into the hands of those whom I cannot withstand." Jerusalem, Jerusalem, return to the Lord thy God. |
- (Responsorium III Ecce vidimus eum)
1st Nocturn, Good Friday
Lectio I.
Latin text De Lamentations Jeremiae Prophetae. |
English translation The Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah. |
- (Responsorium Omnes amici mei)
Lectio II
Latin text 2:12 LAMED. Matribus suis dixerunt: Ubi est triticum et vinum? |
English translation 2:12 LAMED. They cry to their mothers, "Where is bread and wine?" |
- (Responsorium Velum templi)
Lectio III
Latin text 3:1 ALEPH. Ego vir videns paupertatem meam in virga indignationis ejus. |
English translation 3:1 ALEPH. I am the man who has seen affliction under the rod of his wrath; |
- (Responsory Vinea mea electa)
1st Nocturn, Holy Saturday
Lectio I
Latin text De Lamentatione Jeremiae Prophetae. |
English translation The Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah. |
- (Responsorium Sicut ovis ad occisionem)
Lectio II
Latin text 4:1 ALEPH. Quomodo obscuratum est aurum, mutatus est color optimus! |
English translation 4:1 ALEPH. How the gold has grown dim, how the pure gold is changed! |
- (Responsorium Jerusalem surge et exue)
Lectio III
Incipit Oratio Jeremiae Prophetae. |
English translation Here beginneth the Lamentations of the Prophet Jeremiah. |
- (Responsorium Plange quasi virgo)
Excerpt translated into Korean
Korean translation
1:1 아, 슬프다. 예전에는 사람들로 그렇게 붐비더니, 이제는 이 도성이 어찌 이리 적막한가! 예전에는 뭇 나라 가운데 으뜸이더니 이제는 과부의 신세가 되고, 예전에는 모든 나라 가운데 여왕이더니 이제는 종의 신세가 되었구나.
1:2 이 도성이 여인처럼 밤새도록 서러워 통곡하니, 뺨에 눈물이 마를 날 없고, 예전에 이 여인을 사랑하던 남자 가운데 그를 위로하여 주는 남자가 하나도 없으니, 친구는 모두 그를 배반하여 원수가 되었는가!
1:3 유다가 고통과 고된 노역에 시달리더니, 이제는 사로잡혀 뭇 나라에 흩어져서 쉴 곳을 찾지 못하는데, 뒤쫓는 모든 자들이 막다른 골목에서 그를 덮쳐 잡는구나.
1:4 시온으로 가는 길이 이렇게 쓸쓸하다니! 명절이 되었는데도 순례자가 없고, 시온 성으로 들어가는 모든 문에도 인적이 끊어지니, 제사장들은 탄식하고, 처녀들은 슬픔에 잠겼구나. 시온이 이렇게 괴로움을 겪는구나.
1:5 대적들이 우두머리가 되고, 원수들이 번영한다. 허물이 많다고, 주께서 그에게 고통을 주셨다. 아이들마저 원수들이 보는 앞에서 사로잡혀 끌려갔다.
Excerpt translated into Dutch
Dutch translation
1:1 ALEPH. Ach, hoe eenzaam zit zij neer, de stad vol mensen! Als een weduwe is ze geworden, de heerseres van de volken. De vorstin van de gewesten is schatplichtig geworden
1:2 BETH. Onophoudelijk heeft zij ’s nachts geweend, en tranen stroomden over haar wangen: er is niemand die haar troost van al haar geliefden; al haar vrienden hebben haar afgewezen, en zij zijn vijanden geworden.
1:3 GHIMEL. (de stam van) Juda is weggetrokken vanwege de ellende en de vele slavenarbeid. Zij heeft gewoond tussen de heidenvolken, maar heeft geen rust gevonden. Haar belagers hebben haar in het nauw gedreven.
1:4 DALETH. De wegen naar Jeruzalem zijn troosteloos, want er is niemand meer, die naar de tempelfeesten komt. Al haar poorten zijn verwoest haar priesters weeklagen, haar meisjes rouwen, en zijzelf gaat gebukt onder bitterheid
1:8 HETH. Jeruzalem heeft zwaar gezondigd, daarom is ze wankel geworden: allen, die haar verheerlijkt hebben, verachten haar omdat zij haar eerloosheid gezien hebben: zij daarentegen zucht en keert zich af.
1:9 TETH. Vuil kleeft aan haar voeten: toch denkt zij niet aan haar einde. Reddeloos verloren is zij, er is niemand meer die haar troost.
Zie, Heer, mijn ellende, want de vijand is opgestaan.
1:10 IOD. De tegenstander heeft de hand geslagen aan al haar kostbaarheden: want zij ziet de heidenvolken binnendringen in haar heiligdom, aan wie u verboden had in uw tempel te komen.
1:11 CAPH. Haar hele volk zucht en is op zoek naar brood; het heeft al zijn kostbaarheden geruild voor voedsel om weer op krachten te komen. Kijk, o Heer, en zie hoe armzalig ik geworden ben!
1:12 LAMED. O, gij allen die voorbijgaat over de weg, sta even stil en zie of er leed is vergelijkbaar met het leed, dat mij overkomen is, dat de Heer over mij heeft uitgesproken op de dag van zijn brandende toorn.
1:13 MEM. Vanuit de hoogte heeft hij een vuur in mijn beenderen gezonden en mij onderricht: hij heeft een valstrik gespannen voor mijn voeten, hij doet mij terugdeinzen: hij heeft mij eenzaam achtergelaten en hele dagen neerslachtig laten wegkwijnen.
Jeruzalem, keer terug tot de Heer uw God.
- Translation by Anton Hendriks, Ben Terstegge & Hanneke Pot