Thomas Aquinas
Aliases: Tommaso d'Aquino; Doctor Angelicus; Doctor Communis; Doctor Universalis
Life
Born: 1225
Died: 7 March 1274
Biography
Thomas Aquinas (/əˈkwaɪnəs/; Italian: Tommaso d'Aquino, lit. 'Thomas of Aquino'; 1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican
friar, philosopher, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church. An immensely influential philosopher, theologian, and jurist in the tradition of scholasticism, he is also known within the latter as the Doctor Angelicus, the Doctor Communis, and the Doctor Universalis. The name Aquinas identifies his ancestral origins in the county of Aquino in present-day Lazio, Italy. Among other things, he was a prominent proponent of natural theology and the father of a school of thought (encompassing both theology and philosophy) known as Thomism. He argued that God is the source of both the light of natural reason and the light of faith. His influence on Western thought is considerable, and much of modern philosophy developed or opposed his ideas, particularly in the areas of ethics, natural law, metaphysics, and political theory.
Unlike many currents in the Catholic Church of the time, Thomas embraced several ideas put forward by Aristotle—whom he called "the Philosopher"—and attempted to synthesize Aristotelian philosophy with the principles of Christianity.
His best-known works are the Disputed Questions on Truth (1256–1259), the Summa contra Gentiles (1259–1265), and the unfinished but massively influential Summa Theologica, or Summa Theologiae (1265–1274). His commentaries on Scripture and on Aristotle also form an important part of his body of work. Furthermore, Thomas is distinguished for his eucharistic hymns, which form a part of the church's liturgy. The Catholic Church honors Thomas Aquinas as a saint and regards him as the model teacher for those studying for the priesthood, and indeed the highest expression of both natural reason and speculative theology. In modern times, under papal directives, the study of his works was long used as a core of the required program of study for those seeking ordination as priests or deacons, as well as for those in religious formation and for other students of the sacred disciplines (philosophy, Catholic theology, church history, liturgy, and canon law).
Thomas Aquinas is considered one of the Catholic Church's greatest theologians and philosophers. Pope Benedict XV declared: "This (Dominican) Order ... acquired new luster when the Church declared the teaching of Thomas to be her own and that Doctor, honored with the special praises of the Pontiffs, the master and patron of Catholic schools." The English philosopher Anthony Kenny considers Thomas to be "one of the dozen greatest philosophers of the western world".
View the Wikipedia article on Thomas Aquinas.
Settings of text by Thomas Aquinas
- Adoro te devote (Carlotta Ferrari)
- Adoro te devote (Henry Bird Collins)
- Adoro te devote (Oliver Hayes)
- Adoro te devote latens veritas (Motetti B) (Anonymous)
- Adoro te, WoO 52 (Josef Rheinberger)
- Asumente non concisus (Francisco Valls)
- Bone pastor (Francisco Valls)
- Bone Pastor (Oliver Hayes)
- Christ the Word to earth descended (Charles H. Giffen)
- Dogma datur (Francisco Valls)
- Ecce panis angelorum (Francisco Valls)
- Ecce panis angelorum (Giovanni Battista Polleri)
- Ecce panis Angelorum (Peter Philips)
- Humbly I adore thee (J. G. Stalnaker)
- I thank you, O Holy Lord (Nicholas Azza)
- Immolabit haedum (Francisco Valls)
- Lauda Sion (Anonymous)
- Lauda Sion (Marco Antonio Ingegneri)
- Lauda Sion a 8 (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)
- Lauda Sion Salvatorem (Alessandro Grandi)
- Lauda Sion salvatorem (Orlando di Lasso)
- Lauda Sion salvatorem a 10 (Francisco Valls)
- Lauda Sion salvatorem a 8 (Francisco Valls)
- Noctis recolitur (Scott Villard)
- O esca viatorum (Anonymous)
- O esca viatorum (Heinrich Isaac)
- O esca viatorum (Johann Michael Haydn)
- O esca viatorum (Peter Piel)
- O memoriale (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)
- O memoriale mortis (Francisco Valls)
- O memoriale mortis Domini (Carlotta Ferrari)
- O praeciosum et admirandum (Girolamo Belli)
- O pretiosum et admirandum convivium (Francesco Bianciardi)
- O sacrum convivium (Carlotta Ferrari)
- O sacrum convivium (Francisco Valls)
- O sacrum convivium (Giovanni Battista Mechi)
- O sacrum convivium (Huub de Lange)
- O sacrum convivium (Jean Baptiste François Lallouette)
- O sacrum convivium (Peter Smith)
- O Salutaris (Edward Elgar)
- O Salutaris (Exeter Benediction) (Christopher Upton)
- O salutaris (Juan Montes)
- O Salutaris (Louis James Alfred Lefébure-Wély)
- O salutaris hostia (Carlotta Ferrari)
- O salutaris Hostia (Cipriano de Rore)
- O salutaris hostia (Giulio Bentivoglio)
- O salutaris Hostia (Gyffard) (Anonymous)
- O Salutaris Hostia (in organum) (Christopher Upton)
- O salutaris hostia (John Danby)
- O salutaris hostia (Nobuaki Izawa)
- O salutaris hostia (Paolo Teodori)
- O salutaris hostia (Pierre Kunc)
- O salutaris hostia (Th. Maas)
- O salutaris hostia (Vittorio Franz)
- O salutaris hostia, op. 81/4 (Giuseppe Terrabugio)
- O saving Victim, opening wide (Anonymous)
- O saving Victim, opening wide (Gregorian chant)
- Pange lingua (Carlotta Ferrari)
- Pange lingua (Francisco Valls)
- Pange lingua (Giulio Bentivoglio)
- Pange lingua (Luigi Bottazzo)
- Pange lingua (Simone Stella)
- Pange lingua - Tantum ergo (Tarraconensis plainchant) (Anonymous)
- Pange lingua gloriosi (Cristoforo Caresana)
- Pange, lingua, gloriosi Corporis mysterium (1589) (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)
- Pange, lingua, gloriosi Corporis mysterium (opera dubia) (Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina)
- Panis angelicus (Carlotta Ferrari)
- Panis angelicus (César Franck)
- Panis angelicus (Nobuaki Izawa)
- Praise, O Sion, thy salvation (Joseph Barnby)
- Sacris solemniis (Anonymous)
- Sacris solemniis (John Greutman)
- Tantum ergo (Anonymous)
- Tantum ergo (Claudio Casciolini)
- Tantum ergo (Crys Armbrust)
- Tantum ergo (César Franck)
- Tantum ergo (Exeter Benediction) (Christopher Upton)
- Tantum ergo (François Couperin)
- Tantum ergo (Heinrich Carl Breidenstein)
- Tantum Ergo (Jens Klimek)
- Tantum ergo (Marcial del Adalid)
- Tantum ergo (Max Reger)
- Tantum ergo (Robert Lucas Pearsall)
- Tantum ergo B-flat major, WAB 44 (Anton Bruckner)
- Tantum ergo I (Scott Villard)
- Tantum ergo II (Samuel Webbe)
- Tantum ergo II (Scott Villard)
- Tantum ergo in d (Giuseppe Tartini)
- Tantum ergo in G (Bruce Michez)
- Tantum ergo Sacramentum (Carlo Carturan)
- Tantum ergo sacramentum (Jean de Castro)
- Tantum ergo, op. 66/30 (Oreste Ravanello)
- Tantum ergo, op. 66/31 (Oreste Ravanello)
- Tantum ergo (Nobuaki Izawa)
- Tantum ergo (2) (Nobuaki Izawa)
- The heavenly Word, proceeding forth (Anonymous)
- The heavenly Word, proceeding forth (Gregorian chant)
- Thee we adore, O hidden Saviour, thee (Gregorian chant)
- Three Aquinas Motets (Douglas Walter Scott)
- Verbum supernum (Ambrosian chant)
- Verbum supernum prodiens (Adrian Willaert)
- Verbum supernum prodiens (Franz Xaver Witt)
- Very Bread, good Shepherd, tend us (Stanley Marchant)
- Vexilla Regis (Antonio Lotti)
Publications
External links
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